Tellurian



Nov. 3, 1931. I M. F. GOODWIN 1,829,829

TELLURIAN Filed Sept. 10, 1936 I, 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 am Q W Q \Q Nov. 3, 1 931. M. F. GOODWIN TELLURIAN Filed Sept. '10, 1930 6 Sheets-Sheet Nov. 3, 1931. v M. F. GOODWIN TELLURIAN Filed Sept. 10, 1930 6 Sheets-Sheet 5' 7 z?/e'nor MAE/63W? 6000 WIN, azzom z/ Nov. 3, 1931. M. F. GOODWIN 1,829,829

TELLURIAN 0 Filed Sept. 10, 1930 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Nov; 3,1931

memoir FLIGOODWINY, or uni/ nane, SOUTH CAROLINA TELLURIlAN Application filed September 1o, 19s0. Serial 1a. 481,060.

7 My invention relatesto improvements. in tellurians. r In accordance are provided to :rotate the earth inits orbit around the sun,.while maintaining the; axis 7 ofthe earth at the proper inclination. there'- 7 by illustrating the action of the rays of li ht from the sun'upon the earth during di er GDt'HlOIlllllS and seasons. Means are also pro.-

vided to rotate the earth upon its axis dur:

ing its. travelzin its orbit about the sun.

Means are provided to move the-moon in its orbit-about the earth; forillustrating the action of the light from the sun upon the moon, and upon theeart-h', showing theape pearance of the. moon through its various phasesor changes and lllustratlng the echpse I -of the moon. 7 Means are provided to adjust thesupport for the moon, forregulating the inclination of. the orbit of the moon, for reproducing the travel of the moon as accurate lyas possible, thereby reproducing an eclipse at any: selected time.

Intheaccompanymg drawings, fornni'ig apart of thisspecification, and in: which like numerals are employed to designatelike parts throughout thesame,

I fFig'urel is a perspective view of a-tellurian 'Figure 3 is'a'central-vertica-l longitudinal sectionthrough-the machine 7 hine y nv n Figure 2 is aside elevation of the'same,

-'Figure' l is a horizontal section taken on line el4 of Fi ure 3' Figure 5' is a transverse vertical section taken'o-n line 5+5 of F1gure'3,'

I "Figurefi is ahorizonta'l'secti'on takenon Kline 6-' 6 of Figure 3,

line 81 8 of Figure 3, r i

"Figure 7 is a? similar viewtaken; on line 7'Z of"Figure3,

Figure 8 isa.horizontalisection.taken onig s a horizontal sectign tak on line of Figure 3 glire 10' is a linel+10 of Figure 3. Q i In the drawings, whereinfor the purpose of illustration, is shown. a .prefererd embodi- I .ment of my invention, the numeral desig- :ates a hor zontal 'suppo'rt,."whl cll. may b in with my invention, means rotates with the vertical shaft, which is desirable when a source of light having ,flector is employed, so that thelight will horizontal section taken on the fornrofa' tabletop or other flat surface. This table top is provided with a bearing 21, receiving a preferably tubular vertical shaft- 22 provided above the bearing with a ring 23. clamped to the shaft 22 by any suitable means. Arranged beneath the table top is a horizontal bevel gear 24;, rigidly attached to the vertical shaft'22for rotating the same, and this bevel gear is engaged and driven by bevel gear 25, rigidly mountedhpon a horizontal shaft 26, journaled in bearings 27. The? shaft 26' is equippedawith a crank 28, Figure 1, for turning the same. Means are thus shown to manually rotate the vertical shaft 22 but it is, of course, understod that this verticalshaft may be driven by power or by any suitable means.

The vertical shaft 22 is provided near its upper end with'openings 29, receiving the reduced end 30 of a horizontal radial shaft 81, having a shoulder 32. The reduced end 30 is screw-threaded for receiving a nut 33.

34, embodying the usual electricbulb and refiector for projecting light upon the earth as will be described. :The electric lamp-34 is mounted upon an upstanding rod"35,' the upper portion of which is laterally ofi'set, so thatthe source of light may be spaced a suitable distance from the earth and will not 'obstructla proper view of the earth. The

lower end ofthe upstanding rod 35 is provided with "a flattened portion 36, having a vertical slot'37,to receive the reduced end This flattened. portion 36is arranged between the nut 33 and a washer 38, and may be rigidly clamped'tothe shaft 3lbyscrewing up thenut 33. The source of light thus be properly projected upon the earth. Of

course, the source of light could be suspend ed from theceiling or'the like,- and an or.- dinary electric bulb might be employed with some degree of success. By embodying a source of light having a reflector projectingthe rays in one direction, and traveling 1 with the vertical shaft, the effect of the relatively stationary sunis obtainable.

Mounted upon the table top 20 is a stationary gear or rack 39, surrounding the vertical shaft 22. This gear has inwardly pro-' jecting lugs 39 whichare rigidly attached to the'table top 20 by bolts 40 or the like. The stationary gear 39eis slightly elliptical,

corresponding .to the shape of, the orbit of the earth, the vertical shaft 22 representing the location of the sun. The numeral 41 designates acarriage, which is disposed radially ofthe stationary orbit gear 39. This carriage may be of anyfwell known or preferred construction, and embodies a frame 42 mounted upon wheels or casters 43, traveling upon the table top. Any other suitable form of'rolling means may be employed.

'Rigidly attached to the upper and lower ends of the frame 42v are relatively heavy metal plates 44 and 45. r The numeral 46 designatesasocket slidably receiving the outer endof the radial shaft 31. This socket has V outwardly'diverging arms '47, preferably in tegral therewith, andthe ends of these arms are rigidly attached to the lower plate 45.

by the plate and extending above'andbelow this plate; The shaft 50 has a gear 51' rigidly. mounted thereon, see Figures 3 and 4,

and this gear permanently-engages the sta- ;.-tionary' orbit; gear 38. \The; permanent en'- gagement is-maintaine'd by the self-adjusting longitudinally extensible connection affordedby' th'eshaft 31 and-socket 46. At its upper end, the-shaft 5O hasa gear 52, rigidly mounted thereon, engaging a gear 53, which is arranged between -the'pl'ates 44 and'45.

Thegear53 is rigidlyrmounted upon' a vertical shaft 54, journaled in bearingsformed upon thelplates 44 and 45. This shaft is disposed-centrally of the carriage 41 and the carriage;-topi55,.and projects upwardly bef yond the-'c arriage-top;The ratiobetweenthe gears 51 fand i 39 (is. the same as between the gears 52 -and 53. Theratio loetween the gears 51 and 39 may be'39. and between the gears .52 and 1-43." The: gear 51' is turned upon its axis. of rotation. in one direction by virtue" of its. travel about'the orbit gear 39, and the gear,53,through the medium of the" intermediate gear 52,is rotated in an opposite direction to the gear 51', and as the ratio be} tween the gears in the two sets is the same,

. the shaft 54.

allel faces. ,hub of the'operating' gear 58,, and this around the orbit gear. 7

ther embodies an upper plate which is rigidly connected with the lower plate by purpose to be explained.

as explained, the result is that a support carried by the vertical shaft 54 will have its longitudinal axis maintained in a fixed position with relation to due north and south. The top or platform 55 is, of course, rigidly mounted upon the carriage 41,.and has its periphery divided into twelve segments 56, having designations indicating the months of the year 'andthe days of each month. The

names of the months appear upon the top of the segments, while a scale 57 is formed upon' the edge of each segment embodying lines and numerals, as shown. Each vertical line in the scale represents the day of the month, and the lines are numbered in sequence,r increasing in onedirection. A point-er to be described, travels in close relation to the'scales 57. p

An operating gear 58 is mounted centrally uponthefplatform 55 and 'is'rigidly attached thereto by screws 59 or thelike, to move bodily with thecarriage about the orbit gear.

This operating gear is provided with a hub 60 to slidably receive the upper portionof a The upper end of this shaft projects upwardly beyond the hub 46 and is provided with a reduced extension 61, formed square in cross section, thereby havingpar- A frame 62 1S mounted upon the frame embodies a lower plate 63, having reinforcing stiffening ribs 64. The plate is pro- 'videdcentrally thereof with a depending socket 64', having a bore square in cross sectionto receive the square end61 of the shaft. The plate 63,.therefore, remains fixed with relation to the shaft 54, during its travel The frame 62 fur-e rods 66, preferably four in-number- -These rods have their ends screw-threaded for receiving nuts67, arranged above and below theplates, the rods passing through openings :inthe plates, as is obvious. By proper manipulation of the nuts 67'engaging the upper plate 65, this upper plate may be inclined with respect to the carriage, for a r The numeral 68 designates the earthor globe, which is. carried by an upstanding mace .and rotates with this. rod. The rodextends through the axis of rotation of the.

globe and is arranged atthe proper inclination for-illustratingthe inclination of the earth upon its axis. The globe-carrying rod 69 has its lower end rotatably mounted in openings'ZO, formedin theiends oftheinclined portions 71 of brackets 72.-Thes'e' brackets have vertical portion 7 3, whichextend through openings? 4 in the upper-plate 65 and hence have no connection withv this plate. The lower ends of the vertical'portions '1 3 extend through openings in the lowor plate 63 and carry nuts 75, arranged above and belowthe plate 63, for clamping engagement therewith. The brackets 72 are disposed in-theplane of the inclined, globe carrying rod 69, and, remain in this plane throughout their travel about the orbit gear.

Byvirtue of this arrangement, the fixed inf clination of the ea-rthsaxis, due north and south, is maintained as the globe travels about the orbit gear. A flexible shaft 76 isattached to the lower end of the globe car rying rod 69 to rotate the same, and this flexible shaft extends-through an opening 77 in the upper plate The flexible shaft is connected with suitable gearing in turndriven by the operating gear 58, in such a manner that the globe is rotated upon itsaxis, and

will make the proper number of revolutions 'for'its complete travel throughout its orbit,

simulating the rotation and travel of "the earth. I p I P A gear frame 7 8 is rigidlymounted upon one end of the lower plate 63, and embodies spaced superposed horizontal plates 79, connected byv'ertical' rodsv 80. :A' gear 81 is mounted upon a vertical shaft 82, attached to the lower and of the flexible shaft 76.

The shaft 82 is journaled in a bearing 83 and an opening formed in a bracket 84, attached to the upper plate 79. The gear 81 is held against longitudinal movement and engages a larger gear'85. Gears "81 and-85 preferably have a'ratio of 1"'2.= Thegear 85 is rigidly mounted upon, a vertical shaft 86, suitably journaledin bearings carried by the two upper plates 79; The vertical shaft 86 has a gear 87 rigidly secured to its lower end,-engaging a largergear ,88. The gears.

87 and 88 preferably have a ratio .of 1'3.

I The gear 88 is rigidly mounted upon a' vertical shaft 89, j'ournaled in suitable openings formed in'thetwo upper plates 79 and a smaller gear 90" is rigidly attached to the lower endofthe vertical shaft'89 and engages a larger gear91. Gears 9'0-and'91 preferably have :a ratio'oflf,6. Gear 91 is rigidly inountedupon avertical shaft 92,-journaled in bearings formed in the two lower plates 79, and a gear 931is rigidly mounted gupon 1 f the lower end of the vertical shaft 92; Gear 93 is iii-permanent engagement with the operating geary58, and these gears preferably {have a ratio 0f1'-'1 0 .v It is thus seen that as the frameis traveling with the carriage in its orbit aboutthe' orbit gear. 39, the. frame having its longitudinal axis maintained due "nortl'i and. south, "while the radial position of thewheeled carriage'is constantlyfchanging, there is a relative turning movement'between the operatinggear 58 and the gear 93, causing the train" of gears embodying this gear93 to turn and this turning movementfis transmitted to the rod 69, rotating the earth upon its axis. The gearing is ofsuch a character that the globe makes a complete revolution for each day.

';.; ,The lower. plate 63 is provided with a pointer 94, traveling in proximity to theedge of the platform 55 for co-action with the month scales 57. Thus as the pointer 'iindicates the movement of the earth in its orbit for one day; the globe 68 willbe turned for one complete revolution.

Means are provided for supporting a moon in proper spaced relation from the earth and moving the same bodily around the earth. This mea'nsin'cludes a generally inverted U shaped bracket 95, having vertical legsv 96, which are rigidly attached at their lower ends to the upper plate 65 0f the supporting frame, adjacent to the periphery of this zontal portion 95, as shown'at 101, to rotate horizontally with relation to the supporting bracket, the supporting rod 97 turning within the supporting bracket. At its free end, the arm 99 ispreferably provided with-1a hook 102 for receiving the eye formed upon the end of a dependinglink 103carrying'a "moon 104 rigidly attached thereto. Both the moon and earth may have their surfaces painted or otherwise formed for indicating thesurfaces of the earth and moon.- The' horizontal arm 99 supports the moon at a suitable distance from the earth '68 and "causes the moon 'totravel about the earth,

making a complete movement in its orbit,

each lunar month. The upper plate 65, see particularly Figures 1,3'and 5, is provided with an upstanding annular flange 105 and a depending annular flange 106, integral therewith. These flanges serve to stiffen and reinforce the upper'plate, and the upper flange 105 serves as a guide for the endless sprocket chain 100.] portion of the upper flange 105' is cut away, providing a'space 107, spanned by the sprocket'chain '100 and the sprocket chain at this space engagesa sprocket wheel 108. 'A lever 109"ispivote d to the upper plate 65', {at 110, and carries a roller 111, engaging with the sprocket chain 100. A retractile coil spring 112isconnected with the'lever and may be attached to one of the brackets 71 and serves to swing the rent engagement with the sprocket wheel 108. The sprocket wheel 108, see Figure 13 particularly,'is rigidly mounted upon a vertical shaft 113. and this shaft is journaled in openings formed infhorizontal' platesllet, included in a gear frame, rigidly attached to the lower plate 63 diametrically opposite the ,lever l09 inwardly, thereby maintaining" the sprocket chain suitably taut, and in permafirst named gear frame." The shaft 113, Figure 6; has a; small gear- 115,: rigidly attached thereto; and engaging a; larger gear 116, rigidly .Isecured" to. the vertical; 1 shaft 1 117. Thesegears preferably have a ratio-of 1*'-6.

, The" shaft 117 is journaled in openings formed in the plates '114: and this-shaft ex.- tends downwardly belowthelower plate 63 and has a gear118 rigidly attached thereto,

engagingthe operatinggear 58.- These gears preferably haveiaz ratio of -11%. Itis obvious that therelativ'e turning movement between the operatin gear-'58 and'thesu'pporting. framezinclu ing .thegplate 63 will drive the train-got gears'including the gear .118 and thisitraingof gearsf'turn the sprocket The plane'of the-orbit of the. earth is regarded as fixed, while the plane-of the orbit of "the moon is zinclined with respect to the 'plane'of the orbiter the earth. 'In order that the f proper, relative inclination may be effectedbetween the plane of the orbit of the moonandthat of the earth, means have been provided to angularlyadjust or tilt the upper lpl'ate 65, constituting the sole support for the moon supporting means, without disturbing the inclination of the lower plate63, which carries .theearth supporting. 'means.- This adjustment of the inclination of the upper plate isefl'ected byad-ju'sting the nuts upon the upper'ends otthevrods 66, as-explained.

,Theieclipse of the su-noccurs when the moon Y travels between the earth and the sun and the planes of the orbitsof the moon and earth intersect. By angularly adjusting or chang ing theinclination of the upper plate, the inclination or. the orbit of the moon maybe varied so thatan eclipse-ofthe sun'may-be the sun in April orOctober, the side of. the

produced, at any selected time. Ifit is desired to producethe efiect of anseclipseof upper plate, adjacent to July of the scale fisadjacentto the scale at the June segment.

upon the, platform 55, is'raised and theoppositeside near January'is lowered the same distance,fwherebythe segments at April and Octoberiare atthei same elevation.

- g. The operationl of-ithe apparatus is as" fol- In Figured drawings, the pointer 94 Theinclination-ofthe axis of rotation of the earth 68 is "now such that the rayscof light for the earth with respecjt to the sun illustrates fromthesunpass more directly upon the upper -portion of the earth. This position the; rays of light from the sun shining principally upon the upper portion of the earth,

producing practically six months of day .at the P19 6. 'fifidsi-r months? of night at of myinvention, or the the SouthPole, during the summer months and vice'v'er'sa{during'the winter months. The operator now turns the crank 28clockwise at a suitably slow speed and the vertical shaft 22 isrotated, causing the radial shaft 31 to'travel circumferentially-of the orbit gear 88. This movement of theshaft 31 effects the orbittravelof the carriage 11. During this orblt travel of the carr1age',such carriage is constantly changing its radial position, while the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, including the plate'63, remainscon- 'stant, due north and. south. This is eiiected by'th'e rotation of the'gear; 51'byithe orbit gear 38., The gear 51 throughthemedium of gear52 rotates gear 53v in an opposite direction,- and theratio'betweengears 51 and 38 andgears 53 and 52 is the same-as eX-- plained. The constant shiftingof the radial position of the platform. 55 of the wheel carriage With relation tothefplate'63 and the supporting frame, effects-a relative turning movementxbetween the. operating gear 58 and the supporting frame including-the plate 63. Hence, gear 93 is driven. by the operating gear 58' and through the mediumof the train ofgears connected therewith, rotates the earth carrying rod 69, causing'the earth to make 365 complete revolutions upon its 'longitudinal am's during the time that'itcompletes its travel throughout its orbit. Theearth, therefore, makes a complete'revolution upon its aXis for each day. In a'similar manner, the gear 118 is rotated by the gear 58, and through the medium of the associated train of gears, and endless sprocket chain, 'the mooncompletes its travel through its orbit aboutl the earth in a lunar'month: As the pointer 94 reaches each month segment, the relative posi tionof the earth to the sun is efi'ected and the light projected upon the earth from the lamp '34, showing just how the-light strikes the earth in each month. Thea ction of the moon is alsoclearly indicated "by the apparatus,

"and the moon trayelis in its orbit about the earth; the various cha n es I'for' phases of the moon are clearly visible, due tothe action of the light projectedfupontheearth anclinoon.

Th eclipse of the sun is produced when the 7115 1 moon passes betweenfthe 'sourcefoflight the earth,and theeclipseot thefmoon is pro duced'when the earth passesbetween the sun and the moon. The apparatus is, therefore, capable of demonstrating in a simple and reliable manner the various'actions of the earth and moon, withrespect to'the sun.

It. is to be understood that the form of my lnvention, herewith shown and'described, is

tojbe taken as a preferred example of the" same, and that various changes in the shape,

, upon the second support, and means whereby ,Having thus described my invention,- I claim,:, 1.; In axtellurian of the character described, a support, an earthfjelement, supporting means for the earth element mountedupon the support, a second support arranged-above the first support andconnectedtherewith,

moon element, supporting means for, the moon elementto cause the same totravelin an orbit about the earth element, the, last named supporting means being mounted thevsecon'd support may be inclined with re,-

' "j lation to the first support for varying the inclinationof the orbit of themoon with V respect to the orbit of the earth element.

2. In a tellurianofythe character described;

; a generally horizontal support, anupstanding rotatable shaft; mounted upon the sup-V ,5 portand terminatingnear the upper surface ofthe same, a stationary orbit gearmounted uponthe support and surrounding the rotata ble -shaft,ia wheeled carriage arranged upon the support outwardly. of the orbit gear to travelcircumferentially of the orbit gear an'd'also capable of radial movements with justableiconnecting means between the rotatrelation'to the rotatable shaft,,rad ially adable shaftand carriage and serving to cause the carriage to travel circumferentially of the orbit ear upon theturning movement ofthe shaft, a springconnectedwith theucar- 1 riage and drawingthefsame toward the shaft,

- "gearing mounted uponthe carriage to move bodily therewith and including a pair of gears rotating upon; their axes with relation tofitheqcarriage and in opposite directions I withlrelation to each other, one gear being held in permanent engagemen't'with theor'bit 1 gear by the action of the spring anupstand-,

' 3 ing shaft mounted: upon'theccarriageandsecured to the other lgearAin said pair and rotatable upon its axis with relation'to the carriage, a relatively low generally horizontal' supporting'frame arranged, near and above the carriage andid'etachablymounted upon the last-named upstanding shaft for turning movementtherewith, an operating gear arranged between thesupporting} frame, andlcarriage and rigidly attached'to the carriage, gearing mounted upon the supporting frame and'engaging the operating gear, a rotatable; inclined 'rod arranged above the sup-.

porting; frame, an earth element carried by the inclined'rod, means for supporting the,

inclined rod andbodily mounted upon the supporting'frame, a flexible driving connection between the second-named gearing andthe inclined rotatable shaft, a'supporting element connected with the first-named upstandingshaft to-travel therewith, and a source of light mounted upon the supporting elementpi. V 5' 3. Ina tellurian of the" character described, agenerally=horizontal support,- a rotatable element mounted upon the support and having its; *axis of rotation generally vertical, m ans name th rota l l t, an ntical orbit gear rigidlyattaohed to thesupport andsurrounding the rotatable element,

a wheeledcarriage arranged upon the support outwardly of the orbit gear to travel circumferentially, of the orbit gear and also being capable of-radial movements with relationrto the rotatable element, longitudinally adjustable connecting means between the rotatable element andcarriage and serving to} cause the carriage, to travel circumferentially of the orbit gear upon the turning movement'pf the rotatable element,a spring to draw the carriage inwardly toward the rotatable element, gearing mounted upon the carriage to move bodily therewith and includin'ga pair of gears rotatable upon their axes with relation tothe carriage and in opposite directions with relation to each other, one; gear being held in permanent engagement withtheorbit gear by the'action of the spring,. fan upstanding shaft mounted upon [the carriage and secured to the other gear in said pair and rotatable upon its axis with relation to the carriage, a supporting frame having-a socket dfetachably mounted [upon the upper endef the upstanding shaftand turning Withsuch' shaft, operating gear a ranged. b h .sfipr r ne frame carriage and rigidly attached to the carriage, gearingb'odily mounted uponthe supportingframeand including a gear engaging the operating gear and adapted to beseparated therefromwhenthei supporting frame is removed from the upstanding shaft, a rotatable inclined rod arranged above the supporting frame, an earthvelement carried by the rod, means for supporting the inclined rod and bodily moun'ted uponthe supporting frame, a flexibledriving connection between the second-named gearing and. the inclined rotatable shaft, and a source of light for coaction with the earth element. v a

4; a tellurianof the character described, a generally horizontal support, a rotatable element mounted upon the support and havingits axis'of rotation generally vertical, an

elliptical orbit gear rigidly attached to the support and surrounding the rotatable element, a wheeled carriage arranged upon the support [outwardly of the orbit gear, longitudinally adjustable connecting means be-v standing'shaft and turning with such shaft; a'n operating gear arranged'between the sup porting frame and'carriage and rigidly at Q with, a supporting -'frame'arranged nearalid above the carriage and attached to-the uptached to the carriage, gearing bodily V :mountedupon the supporting frame and'ineluding a gear engaging the operating'gear,

a" rotatable inclined rod 'arrangedabove the supporting frame, an earth -element carried bythe rod, means for supporting the inclinedrod and bodily mounted upon the supporting frame, a flexible driving connection between the secondnamed gearing and the inclined rotatable rod,and a source of light for coaction with the earth element.-

' 5. In a telluriancram character described,

a generally horizontal support,- a. rotatable element mounted upon the support and hav% ing its axislof rotation generallyvertical, an elliptical orbit'gearrigidly attached to the support and surrounding the. rotatable element, a wheeled carriage-tr'aveling'upon the support outwardlyof the orbit gear, lon-r gitudi'nally adjustable connecting means hetween-the rotatable element andfcarriage, a

spring to draw the carriage inwardly toward the rotatable'element-,' gearingbodily mounted upon the carriage and including a pair ofgears rotatable upontheir axes nopposite directions with relation to each other, one gear being heldin' engagement with the orbit gear by the spring, an upstanding shaft mounted upon the carriage and rotatable 3 with relation thereto and secured to the other gear insaid pair forturning.movementtherewith, a horizontal supporting 'member arrangedfnear'and above the carnage and at;

. p46 tached to the upstanding shaft to'turnlthere with, an operating gear" arranged between, the carriage andsupporting member and r1gidly attached to the carriage, gearingbodily mounted upon thegenerally'horizontal supporting member and driven by the operating gear, an inclined rotatable rod arranged above thesup'p'ortin'g member, an earth element carried by the inclined rod','means for supporting-the inclined rod and mounted upon the'supporting member, a driving con- 50 nection between the inclined rod and second namedgearing,and a source of light for 00- action with theearthelementf 6 Ina tellurian of the character decribed,

a generally horizontal support, a rotatable greases:

vertical axis with relation thereto,.gearing 'mounted upon the carriage and connectedwith the supporting frame to turnthe same uponits axis of rotationinan opposite di-- rection to the direction of travel of the carriage and including a gear'held in engage ment with the orbit gear by the spring, an operating gear mounted'upon the 'carriage' and stationary with relation thereto, gearing mounted uponthe supporting frame and engaging the operating gear, an' inclined "rotatable rod extending above the supporting frame and mounted upon the same and connected with the second-named gearing to'be driven-thereby, an earth element mounted upon the inclined rod, 'and a source of light for coaction with theiearth element.

7. In'a tellurian of the'character described, a generally horizontal support, arotatable element mounted upon the support, an orbit gear rigidly attached to the'support and surrounding the rotatable element, wheeled carriage vto travel upon the support, connecting means between the rotatable element and carriage so that they travel together, a supporting frame mounted upon'the carriage and embodying spaced upper and lower generally horizontal plates, gearing =mounted upon thecarriage and connected with the lower plate to turn thesame' upon itsgvertical' axis in an oppositedirection to. the travel of the carriage and'including a gear engaging the'orbit gear, an operating gear mounted upon the carriage to turn therewith, gearing mounted upon thesupp'orting frame and engaging the operating gear, an inclined ro-' tatable rod extending above the supporting frame and mounted'thereon and'connected with the second-namedgearing tozbe drive-n thereby, an earth element mounted upon the inclined rod, a curved guide element carried by the upper 'plate of the supporting frame, an endless flexible element engaging the curved guide'element, gearing mounted'upon the supporting frame and driven bythe operating gear and dr-iving'the endless flexible element, a supporting element connected with the endless flexible element,a moon element carriedgby thejsupporting' element, and a source of light to coact'with the'earth element. a 8. In a tellurian 'of the character dean operating gear rigidly mounted upon the carriage, gearing mountedupon the support ing frame between the upper and lower plates and engaging the operating gear, an inclined rotatable rod extending above the supporting frame, means mounted upon the lower plate and holding-the inclined rod, an earth element mounted upon the inclined rod, a curved guide element earriedby the upper plate, an endless sprocketchain engaging the curved guide element, gearing mounted upon the supporting frame between the upper [and lower plates anddriven by the operating a gear and including a sprocket wheel engaging the sprocket chain, a supporting element conv nected with the sprocket chain to be moved thereby, a moon element carried by the supporting element, and a source of light tocoact with the earth element. I, 9. In a tellurian of the character de-y I scribed, a generally horizontal support, a r'o- V tatable element mounted upon the support, an orbit gear rigidly attached to the support,

a wheeled carriage to travel upon the support,

connecting means between the rotatable element and carriage, va supporting frame mounted upon the carriage and embodying 7 upper and lower generally horizontal lates, means whereby the upper plate may j'usted to vary its inclination with relation to the lower plate, gearing mounted upon the carriage and connected with the, lower plate to turn the same upon'itsverti'cal axis in an opposite direction to the travel of the carriage and including a gear engaging the orbit gear, an operating gear mounted upon the carriage to turn therewith, gearing mounted upon the supporting frame and engaging the a operating gear,an inclined rotatable rod ex- 40,

tending above the supporting frame, an earth elementcarried by the rod, an upstanding support carried by the lower plate and free from connection with the upper plate and having a bearing holding the inclined rotatable rod, means whereby the rod is rotated by the second-named gearing, a curved guide element carried by the upper plate, an endless flexible element engaging the curved guide element, gearing mounted upon the supporting frame and driven by the operating gear and driving the endless flexible element, a supporting element'mountedrupon' the upper plate to turn therewith, an up- V standing rod attached tothe endless flexible ecaddirection of travel of the support, said supporting frame including upper and lower horizontal plates, an inclined rod arranged above the supporting frame, means mounted upon the supporting frame for holding the r0d,-means to rotate the rod, an earth element mounted upon the rod, a curved guide carried by the upper plate, a flexible endless eleelement and having a horizontal extension we ment, a moon element carried by the horizontal extension, and a source of light coacting with the earth element.-

{ 10. In a tellurian of the character described, a support, means'to cause the support to travel in an orb-it about a fixed-point, a supporting frame mounted upon thesupport,

-means toturn the supportingv frame upon its vertical axis in a direction opposite to the pivotally connected with the supporting ele- 

